Sqlglot documentation Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up You signed in with another tab or window. . Documentation GitHub Skills Blog Solutions By company size. Before you file an issue. <lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser Recursively dump an AST into a JSON-serializable dict. we check if it's in Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF). 14 15 Context is used to hold relevant data tables which can then be queried on with eval. optimizer" Import from "sqlglot. 1 import datetime 2 import inspect 3 import re 4 import statistics 5 from functools import wraps 6 7 from sqlglot import exp 8 from sqlglot. Probably would have taken months to get this running without it. Query python-sqlparse¶. dialect import (10 Dialect, 11 NormalizationStrategy, 12 any_value_to_max_sql, 13 date_delta_sql, 14 datestrtodate_sql, 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 from enum import auto 5 6 from sqlglot. Schema or a mapping in one of the following forms: 1. 12 13 Example: 14 >>> import sqlglot 15 >>> sql = "SELECT x. dialect import Dialect, inline_array_sql 8 from sqlglot. find_all Python SQL Parser and Transpiler. scope import ScopeType, find_in_scope, traverse_scope 4 5 6 def unnest_subqueries (expression): 7 """ 8 Rewrite sqlglot AST to convert some predicates with subqueries into joins. annotate_types import TypeAnnotator 33 34 AnnotatorsType = t. simplify View Source. a FROM x) CROSS JOIN y") merge_subqueries(expression, leave_tables_isolated=True). connection import SQLAlchemyConnection from sqlalchemy import create_engine import sqlglot conn = SQLAlchemyConnection (engine = create_engine (url For detailed technical documents about how certain standards are implemented in SQL Server, see the Microsoft SQL Server Standards Support documentation. col1 from baz; Note: this is a valid Postgres query. Tools that use T-SQL. It can be used to format SQL or translate between different dialects like Presto, Spark, and Hive. With the help of SQLglot, you can easily generate an AST for a given SQL query and recursively traverse it to perform various actions on the nodes in the tree. b AS b FROM x) AS y" 25 >>> expression = sqlglot. duckdb View Source. generator import Generator 9 from sqlglot. walk methods - this is the easiest way. This supports: SQL formatting; 20 different dialects; Dialect With SQLGlot, you can take a SQL query targeting a warehouse such as Snowflake and seamlessly run it in CI on mock Python data. SQLGlot's tokenizer is quite simple and can be found here. dialect import merge_without_target_sql, trim_sql, timestrtotime_sql 5 from sqlglot. COMMUNITY Report a documentation issue Submit a feature request Ask the community for help Ibis 9. Hi @tobymao. 12 13 This assumes `qualify_columns` as already run. Regarding the test cases, I could find it under 2 places: In test_transpile. """ 18 19 IMMEDIATE = auto 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import math 4 import typing as t 5 6 from sqlglot import alias, exp 7 from sqlglot. 77 HEX_STRINGS = 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6 from sqlglot. PREFIX: value is a prefix of a keyword in trie; TrieResult. e in Redshift ARRAY[1, 2, 3] != ARRAY(1, 2, 3) as the former is of type INT[] vs the latter which is SUPER 1 from sqlglot import exp 2 3 4 def lower_identities (expression): 5 """ 6 Convert all unquoted identifiers to lower case. Returns: The normalization distance. parse Removes cross joins if possible and reorder joins based on predicate dependencies. Using the Python library sqlglot, where can I find documentation that explains: Which attributes I should expect to find on which expression nodes types (which arg types does Join, Table, Select, etc. sql() 20 'SELECT x. It can be used to format SQL or translate between 19 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto, Spark, Snowflake, and BigQuery. a AS a, x. a FROM x) CROSS JOIN y' Whether ORDER BY ALL is supported (expands to all the selected columns) as in DuckDB, Spark3/Databricks sqlglot. sources: A mapping of queries which will be used to continue building lineage. Strings used as pre/post-statements or return values in Python-based models will be parsed into SQLGlot expressions, which means that SQLMesh will still be able to understand them semantically and thus provide information such as column-level lineage. Data Documentation Neglect: The Hidden AI Killer Lurking in Your Organization. 14 15 Example: 16 >>> import sqlglot 17 >>> sql = "SELECT x. Arguments: Using the Python library sqlglot, where can I find documentation that explains: Which attributes I should expect to find on which expression nodes types (which arg types does Join, Table, Select, etc. helper import seq_get 8 from sqlglot. parse("desc schema. qualify_columns; validate_qualify_columns; qualify_outputs; quote_identifiers; pushdown_cte_alias_columns; Resolver. scope import Scope, traverse_scope 15 from sqlglot. 1 from sqlglot. The Python SQLGlot library is an essential tool for developers looking to enhance their SQL query management. 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 import typing as t 3 import datetime 4 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens 5 from sqlglot. 1 import itertools 2 3 from sqlglot import expressions as exp 4 from sqlglot. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions. In a while loop, it checks each character and either appends the character to the current token, or makes a new token. key: The target key. Query'>, <class 'sqlglot. 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6 from sqlglot. dialect import Dialect 7 from sqlglot. dialect import DialectType 8 from sqlglot. Arguments: column: The column to build the lineage for. _typing import B, E, F 31 32 from sqlglot. dialect import (7 DATE_ADD_OR_SUB, 8 Dialect, 9 JSON_EXTRACT_TYPE, 10 any_value_to_max_sql, 11 binary_from_function, 12 bool_xor_sql, 13 datestrtodate_sql, 14 build_formatted_time, 15 filter Inherited Members. scope - this is the hardest way. 9 10 Example: 11 >>> import sqlglot 12 >>> expression = sqlglot. It can be used to format SQL or translate between 19 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto, Spark, Snowflake, Using the Python library sqlglot, where can I find documentation that explains: Which attributes I should expect to find on which expression nodes types (which arg types annotate_types. sql() 12 'SELECT * FROM x CROSS JOIN y' 13 """ 14 for from_ in expression. hive import Hive 16 from sqlglot. Infer all types throughout the AST given schema information and function type definitions. There are 3 ways to traverse an AST: args - use this when you know the exact structure of the AST you're dealing with. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! In my use case, I often want to use this as a template, but make small chanegs to the arguments (quoted, table, this). helper import csv_reader, name_sequence 9 from sqlglot. helper import find_new_name 5 from sqlglot. schema: The schema of tables. Pardhu Gunnam. expression = expression. e parsed + generated) as-is; In test_mysql. By providing robust parsing, generation, and transformation capabilities, it streamlines the process of working with SQL in Python applications. 11 Convert correlated or TYPE_CHECKING: 8 from sqlglot. 7 8 Assuming the schema is all lower case, this essentially makes identifiers case-insensitive. that a Select has a "joins" child, which SQLGlot bridges all the different variations, called "dialects", with an extensible 7 SQL transpilation framework. asdl file, which is reproduced above. db: Default database name for tables. You signed in with another tab or window. A good Get the sqlglot. 0. dialects. a AND TRUE JOIN y ON y. It provides support for parsing, splitting and formatting SQL statements. In addition, there is Explore the GitHub Discussions forum for tobymao sqlglot. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp 6 from sqlglot. 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import datetime 4 import logging 5 import functools 6 import itertools 7 import typing as t 8 from collections import deque, defaultdict 9 from functools import reduce 10 11 import sqlglot 12 from sqlglot import Dialect, exp 13 from sqlglot. In this case, if both operands are NULL, then the IS operator evaluates to 1 (true) and the IS NOT operator evaluates to 0 (false). sources. Published. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! Convert SELECT statements that contain the QUALIFY clause into subqueries, filtered equivalently. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. Dict [ t . dnf: Whether to check if the expression is in Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF). scope import Scope, traverse_scope 10 from sqlglot. MINOR. I think it's important to keep documentation as close as possible to code - not sure if this is a best way With SQLGlot on our side, we’re excited about what the future holds for lineage parsing. parse_one({source_sql_clause}, read={source_database_dialect}). add_table can be skipped if you have the column structure stored externally like in a file or from an external metadata table. bigquery View Source. expression = sqlglot. Basically a sql parser will parse the SQL statement(s) into AST (Abstract Syntax Tree), which according to wikipedia, is a tree representation of the abstract syntactic structure of source code (in our case, SQL code, of course). sql() 'SELECT a FROM (SELECT x. isolate_table_selects; Copyright (c) 2023 Toby Mao built with pdoc However, SQLGlot does not aim to be a SQL validator, so it may fail to detect certain syntax errors. Learn more about SQLGlot in the API documentation and the expression tree primer. Type [ E ], t . FAILED: the search was unsuccessful; TrieResult. The actual node classes are derived from the Parser/Python. It's easy to mock data and create arbitrary UDFs SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. The SQLite Docs state under 2. scope: A pre-created scope to use instead. scope import traverse_scope [ source for scope in traverse_scope (expression) for source in scope. optimizer. 5 def expand_multi_table_selects (expression): 6 """ 7 Replace multiple FROM expressions with JOINs. scope import (5 Scope as Scope, 6 build_scope as build_scope, 7 find_all_in_scope as find_all_in_scope, 8 find_in_scope as find_in_scope, 9 traverse_scope FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser. helper import first, merge_ranges, while_changing The first step is to convert the sql string into a list of tokens. 10 11 This only removes joins when we know that the join condition doesn't produce duplicate rows. expressions import DATA_TYPE 7 from sqlglot. SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. Operators, and Parse-Affecting Attributes: The IS and IS NOT operators work like = and != except when one or both of the operands are NULL. Hi all, I’m working on a project that requires knowing all of the columns (actual plus alias) selected from each source and temp table, including where and join statements. 21 22 Example: 23 >>> import sqlglot 24 >>> sql = "SELECT y. TYPE_CHECKING: 30 from sqlglot. expressions. Edit on GitHub sqlglot. SQLGlot uses pdoc to serve its API documentation. Honestly, one of the coolest data libraries I've seen in a while. If one SQLGlot is a no dependency Python SQL parser, transpiler, and optimizer. Curate this topic Add this topic to your repo Before you file an issue. Contribute to ddkang/sqlglot development by creating an account on GitHub. copy 14 self The step of adding sqlglot. <lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT logger = <Logger sqlglot (WARNING)>. 7 8 Example: 9 >>> import sqlglot 10 >>> sql = "WITH y AS (SELECT a FROM x) SELECT a FROM z" 11 >>> expression = sqlglot. The implementation discussed in this post is now a part of the SQLGlot library. Error: Traceb Hi, Thanks for reporting this issue. <lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser. b" 16 >>> expression = sqlglot. scope import build_scope 6 7 8 def eliminate_subqueries (expression): 9 """ 10 Rewrite derived tables as CTES, deduplicating if possible. After the SQL AST has been "optimized", it's much easier to convert into a logical plan. <lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser. Running the SQLGlot tokenizer shows the output. Although the engine is not very fast (it's not supposed to be) and is in a relatively early stage of development, it can be useful for unit testing and running SQL natively across Python objects. by respecting 25 case-sensitivity). 1; conda install To install this package run one of the following: conda install conda-forge::sqlglot Documentation GitHub Skills Blog Solutions By company size. 26 27 This transformation reflects how identifiers would be resolved by the engine corresponding 28 to each Arguments: expression: The expression to compute the normalization distance for. Contribute to tobymao/sqlglot development by creating an account on GitHub. expand_stars: Whether to expand star queries. optimizer import RULES as RULES, optimize as optimize 4 from sqlglot. True means a / b is integer division if both a and b are integers. The choice of SQLglot was an obvious one due to its simple but powerful API, lack of external dependencies and, more importantly, extensive list of supported SQL dialects. L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType. PythonExecutor. A hosted version is on the SQLGlot website, or you can build locally with: sqlglot. 0: SQLGlot-ification. It aims to read a wide variety of SQL inputs and output syntactically and semantically correct SQL in the targeted dialects. From the official documentation: SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimiser, and engine. This can either be an instance of sqlglot. On this page Ibis 9. b = y. Dialect` class implements a generic dialect that aims to be as universal as possible. exp. Returns: The converted time string. They are defined in the _ast C module and re-exported in ast. 11 12 Example: 13 >>> import sqlglot 14 >>> expression = sqlglot. This is straightforward in the above example, but in more complex examples, I find it difficult to know exactly what this syntax should be (and I don't think there's an automatic way of going from the tree to the equivalent code to create it). The module is Official Documentation It seems this is valid syntax. Default: False, i. Dialect-independent query transformation. Resolver Edit on GitHub sqlglot. presto import Presto 6 from sqlglot. schema: Schema to infer column names and types. sql() 13 'SELECT a FROM z' 14 15 Expression: 10 """ 11 Expand lateral column alias references. dialect import (7 Dialect, 8 NormalizationStrategy, 9 arrow_json_extract_sql, 10 date_add_interval_sql, 11 datestrtodate_sql, 12 build_formatted_time, 13 isnull_to_is_null, 14 This document aims to familiarize the reader with SQLGlot's codebase & architecture. The idea behind this transformation can be seen in Snowflake's documentation for An easily customizable SQL parser and transpiler However, SQLGlot does not aim to be a SQL validator, so it may fail to detect certain syntax errors. Add a description, image, and links to the sqlglot topic page so that developers can more easily learn about it. <lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser. SQLGlot uses pdocs to serve its API documentation: make docs-serve Run Tests and Lint. 16 17 References to sqlglot. optimizer. Reload to It seems CTE parsing is hard-coded to be followed by a SELECT statement, thus parsing this sql query fails: WITH baz as (SELECT 1 as col1) UPDATE some_table SET cid = baz. You can find a complete source code in the diff. Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly noarch v26. The MINORversion is incremented when there are backwards-incompatible fixes or feature additions. a AND y. Use this for Edit on GitHub sqlglot. Ibis team . It can be used to format SQL or translate between 23 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto / Trino, Spark / Databricks, Snowflake, and BigQuery. A AS A FROM "Foo". 10 11 Each SQL variation has its own `Dialect` subclass, extending the corresponding `Tokenizer`, `Parser The implementation discussed in this post is now a part of the SQLGlot library. expr). Expression. Initially, I was using sqlparse to extract the dependencies from the SQL statements, but it required me to create an increasingly hacky recursive function. By using value replacements data stores, you can replace values in the SQL query in a systematic way. helper import seq_get 16 SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType. See more This module contains the implementation of all supported Expression types. have?) What overall structure I should expect the AST to have for various kinds of SQL statements? (e. values () if isinstance (source, exp. dialect: The dialect of input SQL. R_BRACKET: 'R If leave_tables_isolated is True, this will not merge inner queries into outer queries if it would result in multiple table selects in a single query:. Contribute to web-logs2/sqlglot-10 development by creating an account on GitHub. 3. This is the base of all AST node classes. DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD To illustrate - sqlglot can't disambiguate columns in this query without knowing the schema: unqualified = """ SELECT a, b, FROM physical_table JOIN (SELECT * FROM physical_table2) Hey @cauwt, I think Toby was asking about postgres' documentation on distributed by, so that we can use it as a guide for implementing it; it's currently not supported in SQLGlot. May 1, 2024. obj = obj 15 16 def __eq__ (self, other): 17 return SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. SQLGlot is a no dependency Python SQL parser and transpiler. helper import (8 ensure_list, 9 is_date_unit, 10 is_iso_date, 11 is_iso_datetime, 12 seq_get, 13) 14 from sqlglot. parse_one(sql) 26 >>> pushdown_projections def expand_multi_table_selects (expression): View Source. schema import Schema, ensure_schema 16 from 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6 from sqlglot. a + 1 + 1 AS c FROM x' 21 22 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 from functools import partial 5 6 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 7 from sqlglot. 8 9 The base `sqlglot. py I'm able to get the list of column names from insert, but wandering how to attach or change aliases in related select query to match the insert column names. sql() as input sql to _transpile_query() When current connection is via duckdb# Prepare connection# from sql. schema import Schema 11 12 if t. 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import logging 4 import re 5 import typing as t 6 7 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 8 from sqlglot. Default: False. The Search for a Solution 21 def normalize_identifiers (expression, dialect = None): 22 """ 23 Normalize identifiers by converting them to either lower or upper case, 24 ensuring the semantics are preserved in each case (e. table: the source table. dialect import (8 Dialect, 9 JSON_EXTRACT_TYPE, 10 NormalizationStrategy, 11 approx_count_distinct_sql, 12 TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 from sqlglot import exp, parser 4 from sqlglot. sql: The SQL string or expression. normalize import normalized 3 from sqlglot. 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import datetime 4 import re 5 import typing as t 6 from functools import partial, reduce 7 8 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 9 from sqlglot. R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType. blog. dialect import (7 approx_count_distinct_sql, 8 arrow_json_extract_sql, 9 build_timestamp_trunc, 10 rename_func, 11 unit_to_str, 12 inline_array_sql, 13 property_sql, 14) 15 from sqlglot. One could also define this model by simply returning a string that contained the SQL query of the SQL-based example. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! However, SQLGlot does not aim to be a SQL validator, so it may fail to detect certain syntax errors. The different steps are: 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6 from sqlglot. Schema abstract class and then assigning that class to 1 from enum import auto 2 3 from sqlglot. Contribute to shaiv-syg/sqlglot-test development by creating an account on GitHub. sqlglot. a + 1 AS b, x. py::test_command_identity(), which validates that the queries under it will be parsed as commands and will roundtrip (i. g. Flink’s SQL support is based on Apache Calcite which implements the SQL standard. Documentation Support. We are using sqlglot for parsing into AST. Example: >>> from sqlglot import parse_one >>> optimize_joins (parse_one ("SELECT * FROM x CROSS JOIN y JOIN z ON x. Core data linking algorithms are Splink 2. To do this we start with a target query and remove expensive operators (such Contributing to Documentation Managing Dependencies with Poetry Releasing a Package Version Contributing to the Splink Blog How Splink works How Splink works Understanding and debugging Splink Transpilation using sqlglot Transpilation using sqlglot Table of contents 1. It aims to read a wide variety of SQL inputs and output syntactically correct SQL in the targeted dialects. dialect: the SQL dialect that will be used to parse table if it's a string. With AST generated, SQLLineage will traverse through this tree and apply some SQL # This page describes the SQL language supported in Flink, including Data Definition Language (DDL), Data Manipulation Language (DML) and Query Language. It can be used to format SQL or translate between 20 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto / Trino, Spark / Databricks, Snowflake, and BigQuery. mysql import MySQL 16 from sqlglot 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6 from sqlglot. identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. py module. sql 'SELECT * FROM x JOIN z ON x. trim_selects: Whether or not to clean up Args: mapping: dictionary of time format to target time format. """ 15 16 RAISE = auto 17 """Collect all errors and raise a single exception. The PATCHversion is incremented when there are backwards-compatible fixes or feature additions. normalize: SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. optimizer import optimize I think it needs to be added to __init__. AST ¶. The AST is traversed and converted into a DAG consisting of one of five steps. {table: {col: type}} 2. snowflake View Source. 0 is an exciting release that completes the transition to SQLGlot, adds a lot of new functionality, and welcomes a new committer to the project! As How Does SQLLineage Work . However, SQLGlot does not aim to be a SQL validator, so it may fail to detect certain syntax errors. parse_one PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser. COMMUNITY SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups By use case. DataType type of a column in the schema. There is one class defined for each left-hand side symbol in the abstract grammar (for example, ast. parse_one("SELECT a FROM (SELECT x. 8 9 Example: 10 >>> from sqlglot import parse_one 11 >>> expand_multi_table_selects(parse_one("SELECT * FROM x, y")). parse_one(sql) 12 >>> eliminate_ctes(expression). PATCH, SQLGlot uses the following versioning strategy: 1. This page lists all the supported statements supported in Flink SQL for now: SELECT (Queries) CREATE TABLE, CATALOG, To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation. schema. sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser for Python. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. Author. This is a necessary step for most of the optimizer's rules to work; do not set to Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string. DDL'>, <class 'sqlglot. tokens import TokenType 7 8 9 class Trino (Presto): 10 SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False 11 LOG_BASE_FIRST = True 12 Arguments: trie: The trie to be searched. scope import build_scope, find_in_scope 4 from sqlglot. mysql View Source. Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Reseting focus. stmt or ast. Python SQL Parser and Transpiler. Expression)-> None: 13 self. Planning. Use this for simple cases. 1 # ruff: noqa: F401 2 3 from sqlglot. This supports: SQL formatting; 20 different dialects; Dialect conversion Edit on GitHub sqlglot. a AS a FROM (SELECT x. dialect import (8 DATE_ADD_OR_SUB, 9 Dialect, 10 NormalizationStrategy, 11 approx_count_distinct_sql, 12 arg_max_or_min_no_count, 13 datestrtodate_sql, 14 build Edit on GitHub sqlglot. dialect import (7 Dialect, 8 NormalizationStrategy, 9 binary_from_function, 10 build_default_decimal_type, 11 build_timestamp_from_parts, 12 date_delta_sql, 13 Rewrite a sqlglot AST into an optimized form. Also found this on the join_clause: To execute a join of three or more tables, Oracle first joins two of the tables based on the join conditions comparing their columns and then joins the result to another table based on join conditions We may provide sqlglot. tsql View Source. TRAVERSABLES = (<class 'sqlglot. helper 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import itertools 4 import typing as t 5 6 from sqlglot import alias, exp 7 from sqlglot. This method relies on annotate_types because many of the conversions rely on type inference. 1 from sqlglot import exp 2 from sqlglot. parse_one('SELECT Bar. 5 in seconds. AbstractMappingSchema AbstractMappingSchema mapping mapping_trie Whether the behavior of a / b depends on the types of a and b. Given a version number MAJOR. Make sure you specify the "read" dialect eg. 2. To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation. optimizer View Source. helper import name_sequence 3 from sqlglot. """ 12 13 WARN = auto 14 """Log all errors. Table) ] Hello @tobymao & team - apologies if this is not the right place to ask this question! I am using the qualify function of sqlglot using the BigQuery dialect like so: ast = parse_one(ddl,dialect="bi Contribute to tobymao/sqlglot development by creating an account on GitHub. catalog: Default catalog name for tables. dialect import (6 Dialect, 7 NormalizationStrategy, 8 arg_max_or_min_no_count, 9 build_date_delta, 10 build_formatted_time, 11 inline_array_sql, 12 json_extract_segments, 13 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, transforms 6 from sqlglot. TrieResult. Benchmarks run on Python 3. dialect import (7 Dialect, 8 NormalizationStrategy, 9 any_value_to_max_sql, 10 arrow_json_extract_sql, 11 concat_to_dpipe_sql, 12 count_if_to_sum, 13 no_ilike_sql, 14 no_pivot_sql, 15 no Build the lineage graph for a column of a SQL query. I appreciate the project and how often you contribute it and keep sqlglot up to date. table import Table, TableIter 9 10 11 class Context: 12 """ 13 Execution context for sql expressions. It can be used to format SQL or translate between 24 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto / Trino, Spark / Introducing SQLGlot. a")). optimizer" instead for: from sqlglot. We occasionally want to run a simplified query to check for runtime errors or data types. EXISTS: key exists in trie 1 from sqlglot import exp 2 from sqlglot. dialect import (7 Dialect, 8 NormalizationStrategy, 9 binary_from_function, 10 bool_xor_sql, 11 date_trunc_to_time, 12 datestrtodate_sql, 13 encode_decode_sql, 14 build_formatted_time, 15 if_sql 7 def eliminate_joins (expression): 8 """ 9 Remove unused joins from an expression. a + 1 AS b, b + 1 AS c FROM x" 18 >>> expression = sqlglot. Arguments: expression: expression to optimize schema: database schema. Skip the painful guesswork in data documentation—Metaphor’s AI-powered platform keeps you compliant, collaborative, and innovative. I found the sqlglot library an elegant way to complete this task, but I need some help with the followings: We introduced a function called count_distinct(exp) in RQL, but sqlglot doesn't know it, obviously. Discuss code, ask questions & collaborate with the developer community. dialect import Tokenizer): 75 # Tested each of these and they work, although there is no 76 # Teradata documentation explicitly mentioning them. parse_one(sql) 19 >>> expand_laterals(expression). optimizer API Documentation. helper import AutoName 4 5 6 class TokenType (AutoName): 7 L_PAREN = auto 8 R_PAREN = auto 9 L_BRACKET = auto 10 R_BRACKET = auto 11 L_BRACE = auto 12 R_BRACE = auto 13 COMMA = auto 14 DOT = auto 15 DASH = auto 16 PLUS = auto 17 COLON = auto 18 DCOLON = auto 19 DQMARK = auto 20 SEMICOLON = However, SQLGlot does not aim to be a SQL validator, so it may fail to detect certain syntax errors. dialect import (7 Dialect, 8 NormalizationStrategy, 9 build_formatted_time, 10 no_ilike_sql, 11 rename_func, 12 to_number_with_nls_param, 13 trim_sql, 14) 15 from sqlglot. Copy link Owner Contribute to tobymao/sqlglot development by creating an account on GitHub. executor API Documentation. dialect. executor. 5,196; asked Dec 5, 2022 at 19:09. b FROM y) AS y ON x. dialect import (7 binary_from_function, 8 build_formatted_time, 9 is_parse_json, 10 pivot_column_names, 11 rename_func, 12 trim_sql, 13 unit_to_str, 14) 15 from sqlglot. make check # Set SKIP_INTEGRATION=1 to skip integration tests Benchmarks. trie: optional trie, can be passed in for performance. tokens import TokenType 9 10 11 def _select_all (table: exp. <lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser. PythonExecutor; generator; env; tables; execute; generate; generate_tuple; 1 import ast 2 import collections 3 import itertools 4 import math 5 6 from sqlglot import exp, generator, planner, tokens 7 from sqlglot. Some of the Microsoft tools that issue T-SQL commands are: SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) Azure Data Studio; SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) sqlcmd Wanted to give sqlglot a shoutout as it saved me a ton of time. Bar') 13 >>> lower SQLGlot is a no-dependency SQL parser, transpiler, optimizer, and engine. helper import PYTHON_VERSION, is_int, seq_get 10 11 12 class reverse_key: 13 def __init__ (self, obj): 14 self. clickhouse View Source. Additionally, it exposes a number of helper functions, which are mainly used to programmatically build SQL With SQLGlot, you can take a SQL query targeting a warehouse such as Snowflake and seamlessly run it in CI on mock Python data. I couldn't find any reference to it in their docs . e. py::test_ddl() which uses a validate_identity() call with 2 queries; This indicates that the first query with ALTER According to the documentation LIMIT is not a reserved keyword, though it seems like SQLGlot is unable to parse statements referring to a column named limit unless it is escaped. Returns: A pair (value, subtrie), where subtrie is the sub-trie we get at the point where the search stops, and value is a TrieResult value that can be one of:. To see how these options apply to specific rules check out the “Configuration” section within each "optimize" is not exported from module "sqlglot. A good starting point is Crafting Interpreters by Robert Nystrom, which served as the foundation when SQLGlot was initially created. parse_one(sql, read="postgres") Make sure you specify the "write" dialect eg. Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string. {db: {table: {col: type}}} 3. column: the target column. scope import Scope, build_scope 2 3 4 def eliminate_ctes (expression): 5 """ 6 Remove unused CTEs from an expression. DML'>) Over the years, it looks like AWS has taken various execution engines, bolted on AWS-specific modifications and then built the Athena service around them. parse_one(sql, read="spark") Make sure you specify the "write" dialect eg. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! Converts a sql expression into a standard form. It aims to read a wide variety of SQL inputs and output syntactically and semantically correct SQL in the targeted dialects. SQLglot documentation; SQLglot AST documentation; SQLglot value replacements Note that in our example here we’ve only set a few configuration values and any other configuration settings remain as per the default config. 18 def pushdown_projections (expression, schema = None, remove_unused_selections = True): 19 """ 20 Rewrite sqlglot AST to remove unused columns projections. release. It can be used to format SQL or translate between 21 different dialects like DuckDB, Presto / Trino, Spark / Databricks, Snowflake, and BigQuery. For more detailed information, refer to the official documentation at SQLGlot Documentation. L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType. Each keyword has been converted to a SQLGlot Token {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"docs":{"items":[{"name":"sqlglot","path":"docs/sqlglot","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"CNAME","path":"docs Arguments: expression: Expression to qualify. simplify import simplify 5 6 7 def pushdown_predicates (expression, dialect = None): 8 """ 9 Rewrite sqlglot AST to pushdown predicates in FROMS and JOINS 10 11 Example: 12 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import functools 4 import typing as t 5 6 from sqlglot import exp 7 from sqlglot. {catalog: {db: {table: {col: type}}}} If no schema is provided then the default schema defined at Whether the ARRAY constructor is context-sensitive, i. a = z. This is where SQLLineage takes over. We use sqlglot for parsing ClickHouse SQL queries and this lib works quite well but noticed some parser problems: CH (ClickHouse) function from sqlglot import expressions as exp from sqlglot. dialect import (9 Dialect, 10 NormalizationStrategy, 11 arg_max_or_min_no_count, 12 binary_from_function, 13 date_add_interval_sql, 14 1 from __future__ import annotations 2 3 import typing as t 4 5 from sqlglot import exp, parser, tokens 6 from sqlglot. a' SQLGlot parses SQL statements into an abstract syntax tree (AST) where nodes are instances of sqlglot. It's easy to mock data and create arbitrary UDFs This document aims to familiarize the reader with SQLGlot's codebase & architecture. helper import name_sequence 8 from sqlglot. Generally, some background knowledge about programming languages / compilers is required. Python SQL Parser and Transpiler for Dune v1 -> v2 - 0xRobin/dune-sqlglot While SQLGlot’s documentation is extremely thorough, we want to share a few practical examples of how we use SQLGlot in our codebase. def load (obj: Union [dict, list, str, float, int, bool, NoneType]) -> Union [List [ForwardRef ('Node Edit on GitHub sqlglot. This can be done by writing a class that implements the sqlglot. test partition (ds='2024-08-16')", read="spark") Official Documentation Please include links to official SQL documentation related to your issue. Arguments: pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. helper import AutoName 7 8 9 class ErrorLevel (AutoName): 10 IGNORE = auto 11 """Ignore all errors. False means a / b is always float division. 9 10 Convert scalar subqueries into cross joins. Contributions are very welcome in SQLGlot; read the contribution guide and the onboarding document to get started! Node classes¶ class ast. a FROM x LEFT JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT y. max_: stop early if count exceeds this. expand_alias_refs: Whether to expand references to aliases. 10. I had a task that involved building a dependency graph by statically analyzing the relationship of MySQL views. python; sql; database-schema; sqlglot; GreenGiant. errors Edit on GitHub sqlglot. Here is the example of sql: -- input SQ One can even interpret SQL queries using SQLGlot, where the tables are represented as Python dictionaries. eliminate_joins import join_condition 9 10 11 class Plan: 12 def __init__ (self, expression: exp. Introducing SQLGlot. qyybjolpzjlsymhyirdnnretpetqjyenihwmaowgnbxvjs