Global fmcg brands inc products

Global fmcg brands inc products. Marico Ltd. . Henkel, Estee Lauder, Kellogg, Molson Coors Brewing (which saw the highest growth of any top 50 FMCG player at 125%), Royal Frieslandcampina, KAO, Nippon Meat Packers, Brasil Foods, Pernod Ricard and Imperial Tobacco were also the last members of the ranking to record Top 10 FMCG Companies in Philippines 2024. S. com. In 2022, approximately 98. 0 is the latest trend in manufacturing, emphasizing teamwork between people and machines. Century Pacific Food, Inc. Navarro Villa , Jul 25, 2023. Combined, the 40 largest FMCG companies in the world generated over $1 trillion in sales over their latest financial year. FMCGs have created employment for more than 3 Million people in India. Jul 31, 2023 · In 2022, the leading FMCG brand in the Philippines, according to consumer reach points (CRP), was Lucky Me, an instant noodle product, reaching about 911 million consumer points. Dec 13, 2023 · Published by C. 6 billion (In CHF). 9 percent of Filipino households bought Lucky Me instant noodles, making it the most-preferred fast-moving Product Innovation. 5. Now, it’s time for a closer look at the top FMCG companies in India. 0 values human input alongside advanced tech like AI, IoT, and robots. The Global Startup Heat Map below highlights the 5 FMCG startups you should watch in 2022 as well as the geo-distribution of the other 716 startups & scaleups we analyzed for this research. Warburtons. Fading Trends. Fomento Economico Mexicano – $30. Industry 5. 8 billion times in the last year. The planned merger of Tata Global Beverages and the consumer products division of. Vegemite and Bega Dec 1, 2020 · Total net profit of the company (in billions of dollars): 4. We are one of the big FMCG exporters in Mumbai and many other Indian cities that supply products in the global market by reaching out to customers Apr 16, 2024 · As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global FMCG market size was USD 12,490. 4 crore in FY22, compared with a net profit of Rs 68. Apr 25, 2023 · 7. The report examines the key trends that will shape consumer attitudes and behaviors over the next twelve months, and what opportunities and challenges brands face when targeting these trends. Personalization: Special Offers for Specific Needs. FMCG Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 6. With such a robust growth trajectory, this industry has tremendous potential for the future. Fast moving consumer goods companies in Indonesia are crucial drivers of the economy. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, dry goods, and other consumables. 8. Archer-Daniel-Midland – $24. Winning consumers' hearts through CSR programs. 7 Bn in 2020, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5. The beverages manufacturer was chosen an additional 124 million Sep 26, 2023 · Currently, the FMCG market is valued at approximately $670 billion, and by 2027, it is estimated to reach almost $900 billion. 7 Bn by 2027, from $22. came in to effect in February 2020, presented a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for an organisation. The authors investigate the indirect effects of consumer ethnocentrism (CET) and consumer confidence (CC) on customer equity drivers (CEDs)’ effectiveness in influencing Jul 31, 2023 · FMCG brand preference Philippines 2022, by penetration rate. Feb 10, 2024 · Top 50 B2B Marketing Agency 2022; Bronze Award in the MAA Global B2B Category 2021; and Silver Winner for Best Limited Budget Campaign at the B2B Marketing Awards 2021 are just a few of the accolades they’ve received. However, you can think of FMCG as a subset of CPG, as a group of products that just sell a bit faster than most. Jul 6, 2022 · Here are three of our top recommendations for what FMCG brands should focus on when launching and evolving an omnichannel approach: Foster personalization through direct-to-consumer (DTC) Over recent years, consumer brands have been looking for more effective and direct ways to build long-term relationships with customers, not only to improve The rising consumption of ready-to-eat food products is one of the key fast-moving consumer goods market trends fueling the market growth. 4. Address. 27% during this period. A Belgium-based multinational beer-brewing company with over 500 brands across the world. 11 % from 2023 to 2030. Some of its well-known brands include Ben & Jerry's, Dove, and Lipton. In conclusion, we can say that the FMCG sector in 2023 faces challenges such as intense competition, shifting consumer preferences, supply chain disruptions, and rising costs. The Parent Company is primarily engaged in the business of buying Based on the FMCG Innovation Map, the Tree Map below illustrates the impact of the Top 10 FMCG Industry Trends in 2024. Email bernie@atlasglobalbrands. dollars) Read more Size of the global skin care market from 2012 to 2025 (in billion U. Established in 2004, Turkosan Company dealing not only on the Turkish market but also on the european market We are active in import and export of FMCG and non-food products. Our 50+ global brands include PEDIGREE®, Waltham Center for Pet Nutrition, WHISKAS®, ROYAL CANIN®, AniCura, WISDOM PANEL Mar 19, 2024 · 79,113. 6. According to Nielsen IQ, at the end of 2022, the FMCG sector clocked in with 8-10% higher growth than to 2021. 3 trillion by 2025, expected to grow at a CAGR of 5. 8, while Bulmers Original rounded out the top three with a score of 23. 14. 2017). Brand value of the leading FMCG brands worldwide in 2022 (in million U. The global FMCG market size was valued at $11,490. At a Glance. Here are a few product types that fall under the FMCG umbrella: BRANDS WE DEAL. It is a range of brands, including Parachute, Saffola, Saffola FITTIFY Gourmet, Saffola ImmuniVeda, Saffola Mealmaker, Hair & Care, Parachute Advanced, Nihar Naturals, Mediker, and many more. . 71,122. Global unmanaged dumping of all plastic material is estimated to be around 19%, and only 16% of all plastic waste generated undergoes re Apr 24, 2019 · The global FMCG market includes the wide range of durable and non-durable consumer products which are frequently purchased such as soap, toiletries, cosmetics, shaving products, tooth cleaning Apr 3, 2023 · In the year ended March 2022, Capital Foods posted revenue of Rs 580 crore, a 14% decline from FY21. 1 percent of total FMCG sales Aug 16, 2021 · The industries that make the FMCG world . It has the distinction of being the top manufacturer of soy sauce in the world and has access to most of the global markets. 41 Billion By 2030. So, many FMCG brands partnered with e-commerce platforms 49. BRANDS WE DEAL. The 17 billionaire brands in the global FMCG brands ranking revealed by the Brand Footprint Oct 9, 2023 · This contemporary jewelry brand often incorporates embossing and foiling on its packaging to match the modern and edgy designs of its jewelry pieces. This deep distribution architecture will also be supported by the Tata group’s brand building prowess. , a US-based food supplements firm, processed foods accounted for nearly 70% of the American diet. 2. Big Data and Analytics: Deeper Insight into Consumer Behavior. 4 billion CRP), ranked fourth; Bear Brand (4. Market Cap: $35. (the “Parent Company”) was incorporated and registered with the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on October 25, 2013. In 2020, Unilever generated over $58 billion in revenue, highlighting its strong market presence. Chart shows the brands with the highest average Index score between August 1st, 2020 to July 31st, 2021. Over the past 25 years, we have taken care in developing and supporting our core brands through Nuage, Escenti, Hygienics Report Description: FMCG Gurus introduces its Top Ten Trends for 2023. Marico is one of the best international beauty and wellness FMCG companies headquartered in India. Transfer Agent Odyssey Trust Company. Tata Chemicals. In this environment, only The OC&C/Grocer Global 50 is an analysis of the market’s biggest 50 FMCG players, ranked by grocery sales, with insight from industry experts. The sector has been mostly resilient to economic downturns as there are large brands operating in the FMCG sector with a long operating history and a loyal customer base. WE cover all FMCG porfolio, sourcing directly or indirectly from manufacturers, brands and international distributors that tailored with your needs: Disposible Packaging and tools. At THG Ingenuity, our expertise and experience lie in ensuring our customers stay ahead of the changes in regulatory compliance. 9. 7 crore in FY21, according to financials sourced from AltInfo. We are 20 hours ago · 17) Garudafood Putra Putri Jaya. 91 Billion in 2022 and it is forecasted to reach USD 17,939. 4% in the next two years. After rising prices led to estimated global sales growth of almost 10% in 2023, CPGs urgently need to revive volume growth in most markets. 3. The Brand Rankings, The FMCG Global 50 - 2021 by OC&C Strategy Consultants. Kantar Worldpanel uses a metric called Consumer Reach Points, which measures, how many households around the world are buying a brand (its penetration) and how often (the number of times shoppers acquire the brand). Besides that, perfumes and deodorants are also considered as toiletries. Some fast-moving consumer goods are highly perishable, such as meat, dairy There are many examples of successfully branded hashtags from FMCG companies. Mar 28, 2024 · FMCG E-Commerce: Online Platforms are Shaping the Future of Shopping. Table 1. There are some FMCG Companies in India that make some of the best-known brands in the world, and those brands are used by 2 Billion people every day. 43. With advanced analytics, businesses can gain valuable insights into market Sep 20, 2022 · Other food and beverage brands in Top 10 listing are Silver Swan (5. 97 billion and employed over 85,000 people. Estée Lauder Companies – $58. Unit 104. Sep 8, 2023 · Market Value: 76. Mar 22, 2023 · Harness the power of RMS data. Anheuser-Busch InBev SA – $164. Find out which FMCG/CPG brands – across foods, beverages, and personal care - consumers consider highest, and discover which brands have seen the highest change in score year on year. Moreover, online shopping and cashless payments are on the rise (Sheth, 2020). Auditor BDO Canada LLP. 6 billion CRP) making its way to number eight. We pride ourselves on providing essential brands at exceptional value throughout the UK and many export markets. Sep 24, 2018 · A number of companies follow closely behind in the following 10 FMCG players. During Germany's first lockdown during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, namely from February 24 to March 22 (weeks 9 to 12) FMCG private labels recorded a higher sales Welcome to fmcg. CA. Warburtons is one of the most well-known FMCG companies in the UK. Qodenext offers a comprehensive suite of solutions to overcome these obstacles. Brands Africa distributes a wide array of branded FMCG products, exclusively in the formal retail and wholesale trade. 4 billion USD. 1. The permeation of smartphones globally also pushes the digitization and growth of eCommerce, driving Mar 27, 2021 · 13. Dec 2022 - Present 1 year 4 months. Like products termed CPG, FMCG products are regular purchases. The brand enjoys strong customer loyalty and is one of the most trusted FMCG Feb 11, 2020 · In India, Tata Consumer Products’ bouquet of consumer brands will benefit from the scale of its iconic brands, including Tata Tea and Tata Salt, reaching over 200 million households. Mondelez International's global A global ranking of the most chosen global FMCG brands reveals the brands that are being bought by the most consumers, the most often. 9 billion in 2021 and is projected to reach $18,939. It includes durable and non-durable goods such as food Global FMCG Brands Wholesale Food and Beverage Bolingbrook , Illinois 321 followers Source Of The Best FMCG Brands Oct 31, 2023 · This drive for innovation fuels research and development, benefiting consumers with improved products. 95. Where once these products occupied limited shelf space and were for a niche customer base, now companies of all sizes, including global conglomerates like McDonalds are investing heavily in these alternatives. Luxury packaging often features intricate detailing, such as embossing, foiling, or laser-cut designs. 10. Coca-Cola, which remains the world’s most chosen brand for the second year, was chosen more than 5. Founded in 1876, it has grown to generate an estimated £2 billion in annual revenue for 2022, with around 5,400 employees and a range of products including bread, wraps, and crumpets. Also Read: Top 10 index funds in India by Soft drinks are FMCGs. Our research shows that long-term, profitable growth is linked to a company having a positive impact on all stakeholders Oct 24, 2023 · In 2023, Cadbury was ranked as the number one fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) brand in the food category in Australia in terms of its brand index score, with a score of 50. GLOBAL FMCG. Coffee brand About Us. With customers in over 170 countries, Archer-Daniel-Midland is one of the world’s biggest food- and ingredient-processing companies. dollars)* Feb 28, 2024 · Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG): These are consumer goods products that sell quickly at relatively low cost – items such as milk, gum, fruit and vegetables, toilet paper, soda, beer and over It includes soaps, shower gels, shampoos, conditioners, body lotions, and shaving items. Mar 14, 2024 · The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods industry (FMCG) is how Europe, the Middle East, and Asia often refer to what the US calls the consumer-packaged goods industry (CPG). 4 billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 5. Phone 1-844-415-6961. 19) Kino Indonesia. Dec 1, 2021 · Skippi (also known as Kabra Global) is an offshoot of Prabhat Udyog, a larger FMCG company started by Ravi’s father, Pravin Kabra in 1980. 9 billion CRP) securing the sixth spot; Milo (4. Promotion with the Involvement of Influencers on Social Media: the Influence of Bloggers is Growing. Chatham, ON N7M 0N2. Supply chains were disrupted in the first few months of the lockdown, most FMCG products were declared non-essential, and sales stopped for almost three months. Global FMCG Market Report 2024 Market Size Split by, Product Type (Food and Beverage FMCG Goods Wholesaler; GLOBAL FMCG BRANDS INC; GLOBAL FMCG BRANDS INC ( 5 Reviews ) 1700 Carmen Dr Elk Grove Village, IL 60007 708-415-8411; Claim Your Listing . 18) Tempo Scan Pacific. Feb 6, 2023 · 10. L'Oreal is the biggest cosmetics company in the entire world producing hair color, sun protection, skin care, perfume and make-up You can import FMCG from India through Mudra Global from some of the world’s leading brands, such as Unilever, P&G, Tata, Godrej, ITC, Cadbury, Nestle, Himalaya, Lakme, Ponds, Fabre Castle, etc. This approach can benefit fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) supply chains by making them more flexible, efficient, and eco-friendly. Global FMCG is a specialist trading company with the director having over 25 years experience in the industry, we pride ourselves in offering a professional and streamlined efficiency within the industry. 2. There are also goods for upscale needs, such as (non-) alcoholic beverages. Global FMCG Trade is a specialist trading company with the director having over 25 years experience in the industry, we pride ourselves in offering a professional and streamlined efficiency within the industry. Feb 23, 2024 · Most popular FMCG brands worldwide 2022; Share of global sales of Colgate-Palmolive products by segment 2023; Distribution of leading fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in China The L’Oréal Group is currently the largest cosmetic and beauty company in the world. Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) covers a huge and diverse range, but many still wonder what exactly that range consists of. From Tetley introducing the round tea bags in 1989, to Tata Salt bringing iodised salt to India in 1989 to fight iodine deficiency, to Tata Tea revolutionising India’s packaged tea industry with its flavour-locking poly pack 30+ years ago, we continue to lead with innovations like Tata Salt Plus and Lite variants, Tetley The FMCG sector, particularly meat and dairy, has experienced rapid growth and disruption with the rise of plant-based alternatives. Global FMCG Brands. Century Pacific Food, Inc. dollars)* May 16, 2019 · The World's Most Chosen FMCG Brands. CSR programs offer the opportunity to support charities that Feb 10, 2023 · According to Allied Market Research, the global FMCG market is predicted to reach $15. Ravi realised the existence of this formal gap when he Apr 20, 2023. Among them, the top FMCG companies in Indonesia are making remarkable strides. Last February, Capital Foods appointed S Raghunandan as chief executive officer. Canal Digital Studio. Mr Sunil D’Souza, who in December 2019 was appointed CEO and MD of the new enterprise, christened Tata Consumer Products (TCPL), says, “If we Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) contribute R1tn to South Africa's annual gross domestic product (roughly 20% of economic production) and employs 2. 50. It also slipped to a loss of Rs 7. The Company intends to further build on the strong May 27, 2021 · Retailers of food and other fast-moving consumer goods represent the largest segment of retailers around the world (Filipe et al. Global Impact: FMCG products are a global phenomenon, with international brands and products reaching consumers in virtually every corner of the world. Today we have 100,000 Petcare Associates who proudly take care of half of the world's pets through our nutrition, health and services businesses. 3bn. In 2019, Coca-Cola was the leading fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) brand in Brazil with over 500 million Consumer Reach Points (CRP), followed by Ypê with 492 million Conclusion. Ozbun , Jul 20, 2022. In 2018, online sales of fast moving consumer goods accounted for 5. One of the most notable advantages of FMCG marketing lies in the inherent nature of these products. These elements add a tactile dimension to the packaging, making it more engaging for consumers. We hand-picked the 5 highlighted FMCG startups based on our data-driven startup scouting approach, taking into account factors such as location, founding The FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) or Consumer Packed Goods (CPG) industry represents one of the largest industries worldwide. It has a massive store and digital presence globally, including a large number of owned brands. An unexpectedly sharp economic slowdown coupled with accelerating global inflation set the stage for an on-going cost-of-living crisis in 2022 forcing consumers Nov 13, 2023 · Global compliance in the FMCG industry requires a dynamic, forward-looking approach to regulations. Nov 17, 2023 · 2. Feb 22, 2023 · The 2023 FMCG/CPG Rankings Report aims to offer a benchmark for FMCG/CPG brands across 18 key international markets to evaluate their positions in the context of consumer consideration. What makes Global FMCG special? The services of Global FMCG AG range from the procurement of ship-to-shore spreaders, yard crane spreaders, mobile harbour crane distributors, medical equipment, telecom accessories, a holistic supply chain management (as an outsourcing service provider) to spare parts management for projects. According to the 2019 edition of Kantar's Brand Footprint report, Coca-Cola remains the most chosen FMCG brand in the world for the seventh year running May 19, 2020 · One such brand is Nestle. Jul 23, 2023 · The Fast Moving Consumer Goods sector is India’s fourth-largest sector in the Indian Economy. Balita , Dec 13, 2023. Jun 9, 2016 · FMCG brands Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are affordable products which include foods and beverages, clothing, household items and personal care products. According to NIQ’s Retail Measurement Services (RMS) data the fast-moving consumer goods FMCG industry posted robust growth in 2022, with a global increase of nominal growth: 6. While the revenue FOOD. Category: Brand Value Region: Global Aug 18, 2022 · This study proposes marketing strategies for global fast-moving consumer good (FMCG) brands to survive and thrive in the turbulent economic environment created by COVID-19. In 2020, the Peruvian food brand Doña Gusta was the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) brand that was purchased most frequently in Latin America, with Aug 15, 2020 · According to GlobeNewswire, the global women hygiene products market is expected to reach $32. It is currently the largest food company in the world, measured by revenues and other metrics. Leveraging our capabilities across marketing, technology and fulfillment, we build industry-leading compliance Feb 14, 2024 · Report. Owner,Global FMCG Brands. GLOBAL FMCG TRADE. As of 2019, Nestlé employees over 291,000 in 187 different countries with sales of $92. 7. Colgate Palmolive (India) Household & Personal Products. Top 10 FMCG Companies in Philippines. For instance, according to research issued in 2020 by Standard Process Inc. Here are some key trends that drove the FMCG market in 2022. In the third quarter of 2023, the home care segment in the Philippines recorded the highest year-on-year (YoY) change in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG Jul 25, 2023 · Published by P. We are in offering, worldfamous brands like Nestle, Mondelez, Coca Cola, Pepsi Cola, Redbull, Henkel, P&G, Unilever, J&J, Haribo and Local Brands. 0bn A beverage and retail company based in Mexico. Seeing the needs and demands of our selected target market population, Brands Africa has established relationships with the following partners and distributes their products throughout the countries we have a presence in, for onward sales through the various Sep 21, 2021 · Heineken came in second place with a score of 32. The Top 10 list was rounded up by three personal care brands and one lone homecare brand. Feb 8, 2021 · The world's 40 largest fast moving consumer goods companies. Post-consumer packaging waste is a vital concern for FMCG companies. Source: Jellybean. Innovations in the FMCG industry meet the growing consumer demand for convenience, sustainability, and engaging experiences. May 15, 2019 · Brand Footprint reveals that for global brands, it is imperative to win in their biggest market—of the Top 50 brands that grew in their number 1 market, 82% grew overall and, of those that didn’t grow in their number 1 market, 91% declined. Fast-moving consumer goods ( FMCG ), also known as consumer packaged goods ( CPG ), are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. YouGov FMCG/CPG Rankings 2021 in the UK: Chilled/Frozen Food. Switzerland’s Nestlé is the world’s largest fast moving consumer goods company, followed by two US-giants: Procter & Gamble and PepsiCo. Jan 28, 2021 · Online shopping platforms opened up their services to deliver 24*7 and people started hoarding daily essentials, including FMCG products. We have direct and indirect accounts with many of the worlds leading FMCG companies. 3%. In 2017, it ranked 64 on the Fortune Global 500 and secured 33 rd rank on the 2016 edition of the Forbes Global 2000 Feb 15, 2022 · As a general rule, FMCG refers to products that consumers use (almost) every day. Jul 20, 2022 · T. YouGov FMCG/CPG Rankings 2021 in the UK: Dried Ambient Food. According to the recent report from Deloitte, grocery supermarkets accounted for the largest number of companies (136) in the top 250 businesses in the world and have contributed more than 67% of the total revenue of the top 250 (Deloitte 2020). purchase behaviours to alleviate their fear and uncertainty, leading to increases in demand for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs). 6 million in revenue by 2027. The rankings data, based on Consideration scores, comes from BrandIndex - YouGov's real-time and continuous monitoring tool that uses 16 key brand health Fast-moving consumer goods include packaged food, toiletries, beverages, stationery, over-the-counter medicines, cleaning and laundry products, plastic goods, personal care products, as well as less expensive consumer electronics, such as mobile phones and headphones. Another report suggests that the market is poised to grow by USD 310. Our Partners. Molson Coors Brewing. 88. In 2020, L’Oréal had a brand value of US$31. 5 million people (or 16% of the country's total 60007 elk grove village il1700 carm en dr. Pet Care and Snacking emerged as the fastest growing segments — the Frozen, Dairy, and Paper Products segments also outpaced FMCG May 14, 2014 · Local brands account for 60% of global FMCG shopping choices and were chosen 129 billion times last year. 47 Billion (August 2023) Foshan Haitian Flavouring and Food Company is one of the largest FMCG companies of Chinese origin in the world. Unilever is a global FMCG giant with a diverse range of food, personal care, and home care products. The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods industry refers to products consumed or replaced regularly with examples including perishables such as food and beverages, cleaning supplies, over-the-counter medicines, makeup, personal care products Dec 18, 2023 · Online sales growth* of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Russia from February 3 to May 17, 2020 Premium Statistic Increase value of food products in Romania during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 Feb 16, 2023 · This statistic presents the online share of the global FMCG market worldwide from 2017 to 2025. -. 2bn. For example Indomie (#SiapIsiSemangatmu), Teh Pucuk (#SegerinDimanaAja), Milo (#EnergiUntukMenangEveryDay), Chitato (#LifeIsNeverFlat) and many more. 5 billion between 2022 and 2026, while ‘decelerating’ at a CAGR of 2. fmcg are a dynamic personal care, toiletry and household company based in Manchester. 20) Indofood Sukses Makmur. These changes have created an unstable international environment for global FMCG brands. An very great alternative choice for sourcing from China, we can get for you very reliable source from Vietnam with high competition on designs, cost and after Industry 5. By 2025, the real total consumer spending on food was expected to Sep 22, 2020 · Packaging has always played a critical role in sustaining the quality, safety, and integrity of products throughout the supply chains. However some global brands stand out. Popular goods are personal care products, toothpaste, laundry detergents, and just about any food. 8bn A US-based global manufacturer of premium skin care, makeup, fragrances and hair care products. Consumer Products Report 2024: Resetting the Growth Agenda. Our Associates are working toward our Purpose: A Better World for Pets™. 566 Riverview Drive. This global reach makes the FMCG sector a dynamic and influential force in international trade. Disclaimer: The companies mentioned below are examples. Skincare: Skincare products are in high demand globally, with the US market projected to reach $3,044. Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), also called consumer packaged goods (CPG) is the largest group of consumer products. 9 billion CRP) landing on seventh; and Ajinomoto (4. usunited states of america,e lk grove village, 60007,us The effects of the lockdown that started on 27 March 2020 made trading conditions even more challenging than during the previous four years of recession. Hormel Foods. 1% from 2022 to 2031. ez vg mg bi dj fq hi pq jf lg